Form of education Essay

â€Å"Education is the key to success†. Everyone knows about it. Education come in many forms, that’s why many people are speaking and writing about it, some with authority and some are ordinary. But does everyone knows the real meaning of Education? How can we say that we are already educated person if we don’t know exactly the real definition of the word Education? And how can we apply it in our daily lives? Education is a stage of such a process which develops your knowledge to learn different things or simply it is the field of study that deals mainly with methods of teaching and learning in schools. There are three forms of Education. It can be Education of Heart, Education of Norm and at last Education of Dominion. The Education of Heart tackles about the education for the perception of the Individual. While, Education of Norm is all about for the perception of the Family and lastly the Education of Dominion (Intellectual, Technical, and Physical Education) it is the education for the perfection of the Nature of Dominion. Education is the most important thing in our life. It is a gift from above which cannot be taken away from us and can bring us to the top of our dreams. Education is not only by going to school, it can happen by a lot of ways. And it is important specially for those people who can’t afford to go to school, because of their status in life. And they believed that through education, one person’s knowledge can be enhanced and improve. The greatest treasure that everyone must have is Education. It’s like planting a rice; at first you need to execute more efforts, time and skills. Then, wait for the right time to harvest. Education is an important tool that is applied in the modern world to succeed, as it lessen the challenges or obstacles which are faced in life. For some people they compared Education as a special ingredient for a cooking recipe. They’ve said that any kind of dishes will never become delicious if it doesn’t have a complete and satisfying ingredient. The foundation of the society is based on Education, since it brings social and economic prosperity. Education offers a setting in which language, tradition, culture and values of the society are developed. Education has played a major role in the modern life to all individuals in the society and also in the industrial world. Employment is based on education, as employees must have the required skills that correspond with the technology to do their different tasks. As the technology keeps improving , more and more people using it in their lives. Therefore, education grown bigger because people nowadays are learning different things from this technology. Education can mold a personality of an individual. It can help one person to further to his or her own future. A good quality education is not only choosing a good school, it’s choosing a school that can handle different attitudes of students and still can teach them the right path to be a good citizen. There’s no young and adult in education as long as you want to reach your goals and your prepared enough to fight for it. Learning is an education and experience is an education too. But sometimes learning something new can be a scary experience. Specially for those times that you have been facing your fears. But it doesn’t mean that we should be afraid to overcome our own fears and mistakes because we can learn a lot from this things and sometimes it can be our guide to become a better and more stronger one. Although we already know that education is an important thing that everyone must have, but for others it still have disadvantages. Knowledge is power; though it is widely accepted that it is essential for growth and development of an individual, but sometimes it is the reason for some discrimination. Some forms of education blindly impose ideas upon young minds instead of teaching them to think for themselves. A lot of people gathered their knowledge based in their experience for which there is no substitute. An education system is very helpful in developing and improving the quality of human life. Living in this contemporary world is very hard to succeed. That’s why it is better to have a good quality education. Education will be our open doors to attain the training and learning experiences for career opportunities that we need to fulfill in our dreams. Through education we can learn how to enhance life skills such as critical thinking skills, a healthy living lifestyle and self-confidence. It also helps to build our personality to learn how to use good manners, and having respect for others. We learn healthy and productive ways to grow into socially active adults.

Nora in a doll’s house: behind gendered lines

In classic Victorian marriages, the prevailing norm stereotypes roles in marriages that typify the male-dominated society classic of the era- women serving as decorations or as we know it today, trophy wives, to successful men.This prevailing status quo is what the society in Europe particularly Norway where A Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen was set, sees as the order it needs to be free from confusion and disarray that could threaten the very foundation of the society.Nora is the personification of an emancipated female in that era- at first, the picture of an obedient wife whose very existence revolves around her husband but in the end, showing that women are not dolls who can be bribed to be the kind of persons their husbands want them to be. Nora therefore represents the modern-day empowered woman- strong, perceptive and willful to find her own happiness.II. ThesisThis paper argues that human rights entail a dynamic reorganization of society and its norms fuelled by both men and women alike. First, women like men are subjected to stereotyping of roles that defines their roles that they may not like.Nora and Torvald are both trapped in their roles. Second, it is the degree to which women and men embrace the deception and forgery that signifies their willingness to be emancipated. By the latter part of the discussion, it is evident that Nora had recognized her need to find herself and be educated in order to educate others and live happily free from deception. Third, women’s rights are human rights because in the process of liberating women, men are also liberated.III. IntroductionIn Victorian times, the very concept of women’s rights is revolutionary and appalling. A Doll’s House represented what most women in Victorian era in Europe experienced- though they were not subjected to harsh working conditions or sexual abuses, they are nonetheless abused (Coomaraswamy 16). However, to confine that it is only the women who are imprisoned i n a world of lies and deception would be a gross misunderstanding of Ibsen’s play.This essay evaluates the classic play that disentangles the organization of European society (and most countries as well) to bring it into order. A Doll’s House by Ibsen is critically analyzed on its perception of women’s right vis a vis human rights and how it had been fuelled by disguise and forgery. Moreover, an evaluation on Act III particularly the virtues of idealism and cynicism will be examined in lieu with the central theme of women liberation.IV. Nora in Ibsen’s PlayFirst, let us start with the role of Nora and Torvald Helmer. In Act I, Nora comes home with Christmas shopping while her husband emerges from the study. Note that Torvald had called Nora a â€Å"little lark twittering† (Ibsen, pp.2) and â€Å"little squirrel bustling† (p.2) as a metaphor on how he had treated her in the whole play- a display and a doll that he can manipulate to whatever h e wants to. Torvald by calling Nora such names establishes his authority within the family. Nora as his wife is his pet to whom he shelters.

Introduction Vision Mission Goals Obs Competitors ADI Research Paper

Introduction Vision Mission Goals Obs Competitors ADI - Research Paper Example It operates in one kind of segment, which is made of two distinct groups: one on products and one on end markets (Analog, 2011, p.3). The product group is concentrated on â€Å"core technology development and leadership in converters, amplifiers and RF, MEMS, power management, and DSP† (Analog, 2011, p.3). The end market-focused organization is focused on understanding, choosing, and resourcing activities that are more customized to specific markets or applications (Analog, 2011, p.3). ADI has direct sales offices, sales representatives, and distributors in more than 40 countries that are located outside of North America (Analog, 2011, p.7). Its products are used by more than 60,000 customers around the world (Analog, 2011, p.2). Total revenues in 2011 were $2.993 billion with net income of $867.4 million (Analog, 2011, p.26). Gross margin % is 66.4%, compared to 65.2% in 2010 (Analog, 2011, p.27). It has a market capitalization of $10.91 billion. ADI’s main strategy is to apply the wide array of its broad â€Å"technology portfolio to more integrated and targeted product strategies for the industrial, automotive, consumer, and communications markets† (Analog, 2011, p.3). Vision, Mission, Goals, and Objectives The vision of ADI is to be the global leader in the industry. Its mission is â€Å"to be the world’s best signal processing company† (Analog, 2011, Letter from Jerald G. Fishman). Its primary goal is â€Å"to manage a growth business and a product portfolio that is essential to myriad applications, resulting in a long-term compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) for ADI that is greater than that of the overall semiconductor industry† (Analog, 2011, Letter from Fishman). Its research and development strategy concentrates on enhancing technical leadership in â€Å"core technologies of converters, amplifiers and RF, MEMS, power management, and DSP† (Analog, 2011, p.7). To support its research and development acti vities, ADI hires thousands of engineers, who are in charge of the product and manufacturing process development (Analog, 2011, p.7). ADI seeks to outpace the industry by enhancing how it targets markets, where its technology produces a competitive advantage for its customers (Analog, 2011, Letter from Fishman). To support this growth, it aims to generate excellent signal processing products through investing in research and development. It also seeks to optimize and to refine these investments to most successfully direct resources to opportunities that present ADI the strongest potential for differentiation, development, and profitability (Analog, 2011, Letter from Fishman). In addition, ADI focuses on protecting its standing as â€Å"one of the highest quality and most reliable vendors in our customers’ supply chains† (Analog, 2011, Letter from Fishman). It does this by maintaining short product delivery lead times and quickly scaling production levels to meet demand , as well as offering high quality levels of service that is responsive to customers’ needs (Analog, 2011, Letter from Fishman). It also upholds the goal of maintaining the company’s profitability, however cyclical the semiconductor industry might be (Analog, 2011, Letter from Fishman). Its operating model consists of major variable costs that assisted the company in attaining high margins, during both the economic downturn and upturn (Analog, 2011, Letter from Fishman). Competitive Analysis NVIDIA NVIDIA was incorporated

The Templars were certainly adept at making money even though they Essay

The Templars were certainly adept at making money even though they existed as part of the church - Essay Example Over the time, Templars amassed huge money and property, first as donations and then through their commercial dealings and political machinations. The Templars owned lands in France, Portugal, Scotland, England, Spain, Italy, Austria, Germany, Aragon and Hungary (Baignet & Leigh 1991, 43). To a great extent the position of the Church as a primary spiritual guide to the kingdoms of Europe, eventually passed on to the Templars, in practice if not in theory. The Templars who came into existence to serve the Holy See and to establish the writ of the Church in the Holy Land, in the later days emerged as a parallel power centre to the Catholic Church, which though professed allegiance to the Church, in practice did not hesitate to assiduously indulge in unscrupulous dealings and arrangements. Thus the Templars undermined the political hold and power of the Church over the Christian kingdoms of Europe. Since the times of Christ and the apostles, the true strength of the Church had been its message of love and austerity. However, Templars initiated various steps that diluted the very essence of the message of Christ. In 1153-4, the Templars in England attempted a translation of the Old Testament into the vernacular (Baignet & Leigh 1991, 44). This translation sounded like a chivalric romance, very unlike the simplicity and piousness of the original work. One could certainly conclude that Templars must have attempted many other such unknown translations, which were explicitly worldly and compromised the crux of Christian dogmas. Also, though knowing that usury was abhorrence to the Church, Templars arrogantly indulged in financial operations and transactions, hiding their rapaciousness under the garb of â€Å"semantics, euphemism and circumlocution (Baignet & Leigh 1991, 48)†. So, the biggest damage that Templars inflicted on the Catholic Church was by being the living examples of the distortion and pollution of both the Word and the Way. The lifestyle, business and politics of Templars must have definitely disheartened and discouraged the lay believers, who were earlier attracted to the sobriety and humility of the Church. No doubt, the very existence of Templars was a visible mockery of the Christian values. Both, owing to the military and temporal power of the Templars and their massive financial clout, the feudal lords and the kings and queens of Europe became more than vulnerable to their influence. The sovereigns not only relied on Templars for safety and military assistance, but also hired Templars to collect taxes. Templars in turn, exhibited such a savagery and ruthlessness in their operations that they conveniently surpassed the excesses of their political customers. One other reason, the sovereigns became a toy in the hand of Templars was because of their need to procure loans. Hence, Templars’ alliance with the Mammon, proved more effective and utilitarian than the piety and poverty of the Church. Not to mention, the Crus ades which were initiated with much religious zeal and fervor, in a way weakened the Church in the sense that from being Holy Wars, they eventually degenerated into cheap Witch hunts. The

The Major Effects of the Recent Japanese Earthquake and Tsunami on the Essay

The Major Effects of the Recent Japanese Earthquake and Tsunami on the Wold Economy - Essay Example This study aims at gaining insights into the impacts of Japanese tsunami and earthquake upon the global economy especially the East Asia (Isidore, 2011). The Main Focus It is noted that Japan was facing certain kinds of structural pressures before the earthquake and the tsunami took place. The main problem with the country was related to the ageing workforce and the nonexistence of the immigration of the workers for long-term. It is the workforce growth that can lead to the economic growth of the country and thus Japan was facing the problem of slow growth potential in the near future. The country also is also facing the burden of heavy public debt in the industrial world. The immediate recovery of Japan after such disaster took place has been an issue of concern. However, it can be noted that Japan has been one of the wealthiest countries; moreover, the country’s government along with the households and the businesses have the necessary resources to rebuild and thus recover f rom such disasters. In the country of Japan, since the nuclear plant was damaged to a great extent, therefore it was expected that the transportation system, as well as the infrastructure, would interrupt the flow of the gasoline, oil, water and other inputs into the process of production. When such disruption takes place, then it affects the other industries such as manufacturing and services as well. It was further expected that the economy of Japan in the second quarter of 2011 would contract. However, it was further predicted that the country’s situation would show certain improvements in the third and the fourth quarter of the year 2011 because of the restructuring efforts made by the government through its spending (Beckman, 2011). The above paragraph has been related to the impact of the Japanese earthquake and tsunami on the country of Japan. However, now it is quite significant to understand the impact of such disasters on the overall world economy. 7 percent of the world’s output is contributed by Japan. However, the main point to be noted in this regard is that its contribution towards the growth of the overall economy has been quite less. The reason behind this is that of the trade surpluses in Japan. It has been expected by the analysts that the global economy would surely expand at a rapid pace by more than 3 percent in 2011. When the broad global (Gross Domestic Product) GDP is taken into consideration, then it can be mentioned that the effects of such disasters seem to be minimum. However, some of the countries may face the impact of such earthquakes and tsunamis of Japan in their countries. It has been evident that in Asia most of the countries depend upon Japan so that they can keep their plants operating. This can be explained with the help of an example. South Korea imports around 25 percent of the industrial parts from Japan. Therefore, if there is a long-term delay in the shipment of the goods from Japan, then it might affec t the production as well as the economic growth of that particular country. It was further apparent that the developing countries in the continent such as Latin America had indirect effects via wider impacts upon the global economic growth. Latin America does not have much of the trade links with Japan since China’s presence is increasing in the region. Latin America exports less than three percent of its total export sales to Japan.  

FUNDATEMENT OF E-BUSINESS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

FUNDATEMENT OF E-BUSINESS - Essay Example This paper is divided in six main sections. The first section briefly explores the literature on the e-business and use of internet in the businesses. This is followed by the corporate information of the company. This section provides information on various aspects of the hotel in brief. The E-business evaluation section elaborates analysis on the three parameters of branding, social networking and mass customisation. The webpage section consists of general looks and feeling of the webpage and its graphical features. Recommendation section is an effort to bridge the gap identified in the current website. The last section consists of concluding remarks. 2. Business Literature on E-Business According to Boardman (2004) the origin of websites has been for different purpose altogether and it got evolved with the growth in the information need of the consumer and society. Boardman (2004) explains that initially Web was considered as a medium for handling different kinds of information. Ho wever the huge potential of the information need generated more possibilities of use of this medium. â€Å"It was not much more than rich text with the ability to turn selected portions of text into hyperlinks. It was possible to include images and to make these into hyperlinks, but because of the relatively slow download speeds of modems in the mid-1990s, web developers had to be careful about images. It was common for browsers to be configured only to load the text from a web page.  (Boardman, 2004, p. 13) There are various e-business models which companies use. These e-business models are based on internal and external data. Companies use this platform to maintain their value chain, generate business and communicate with the stakeholders. The significance of web presence in businesses has increased in many folds. "E-commerce usually refers to an online shop where customers can order, and normally pay for, products or services via the website. The customers need not be consumer s, but could be other businesses" (Collin, 2000, p. 99) This led in classification of the e-business models based on the type of stakeholders like business (B2B), consumers (B2C), employee (B2E), government (B2G) or from government to business (G2B), government (G2G), citizen (G2C), or consumer based business models like consumer to consumer (C2C) or business (C2B). E-business models allow integration of internal and external business processes. However it is very challenging to acquire consumer trust online. This trust is difficult to gain from any marketing campaign or promotions. Positive consumer experiences are the key of gaining consumer trust. Derong, Zongqing & Xiaolin (2009) focuses on the need of understanding the user requirements for a successful online application. The poor websites usually fail in understanding their target audience and their information needs. Website is convenient and provides opportunity for the fast services to the consumer. This helps in saving ti me, energy and resources of consumers by providing round the clock service and information. This provides electronic means for the companies to reach to the customers in easy and cost effective manner. â€Å"The Net is very good at bringing together large, dispersed groups of users who can meet in one place and discuss just about anything. There are three basic types of place on the Net where you can meet up and chat: ?' Web forums or discussion areas St mailing

Canadain provinces Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Canadain provinces - Dissertation Example Population growth demonstrated a variation between the two provinces. Alberta registered the highest population in the entire country by a massive 10.3% while the province of Manitoba registered a 0.5 % growth. These statistics demonstrates a population density of 2.0 for Manitoba while that of Alberta is 4.6 people per square kilometer. Population age characteristics were found to be consistent in both provinces. In terms of gender, the females are dominant across both provinces though by slight margins. The majority of the population lies at the age group of 25-44 years among all genders while the second placed age group is between 5-14 years in both provinces. This indicates a trend of population that can be extrapolated to the entire country. In addition, the older population comprising of ages 85 and over seems to be the lowest followed by age group 75-84 years. These figures converge at a median age of 36.8 in Manitoba and 35.0 in Alberta, this indicates that the future populat ion trend in Alberta is expected to show more growth despite the exponential trend experienced in the past. Majority of the people in both provinces are above 15 years with figures indicating 79.1% and 79.2% in Manitoba and Alberta respectively. Education is a key pillar of socio-economic development in Canada. A great portion of people aged 15-24 years in Manitoba attends school on full time basis while a substantial 30.9% of population in this age group attending school on part time basis. Alberta is not any different, majority of the population around the same age group undertake education on full time basis with only 30% on part time engagement. Across all the age groups the percentage number of individuals with a University certificate, diploma or degree is higher in Alberta as compared to Manitoba. This is an indicator of the weight given to education in Alberta. Apart from the 20-34 age groups, all other age groups in Manitoba depict higher percentages of individuals with les s than a high school graduation certificate (Maclean 2).. There exist over ten religions in these regions of Canada. Protestants dominate in both provinces having almost half of the population subscribing to this religion. In second place come Catholicism, having a substantial following in both provinces but Manitoba has a higher general percentage of people who subscribe to this religion. Similar trends are evident across most of the other religions with the percentage of people who subscribe to no religion appearing third in the order of dominance. 23.6% of the entire population is atheists in Alberta while in Manitoba the percentage is slightly lower at 18.7%. Christian, n.i.e. is the fourth most dominant religion in both provinces contributing 4.03% and 4.2% in Manitoba and Alberta respectively. An aberration is evident in the fifth most dominant religion. In Alberta Muslim takes the position with a 1.7%, contrary to Manitoba where it appears ninth in the order of dominance. In Manitoba at fifth position is Christian Orthodox that has 1.4% following of the entire population. The people in these provinces use various languages with English dominating. The census indicates the majority of people use English

Statement,resume Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Statement,resume - Essay Example Therefore, when I turned 18, I moved over to US for higher studies. Philadelphia was my first destination in US. I was fascinated by the culture of US and felt very happy at having migrated to US. US culture is unique. People from all over the world have integrated their respective cultures so well that the contemporary culture of US is a blend of all shades and necessarily reflects the presence and influence of all ethnic minorities that have ever lived or are still living in the US. One thing that I particularly like about the US culture is that it provides an individual with the freedom of expression. I find US an ideally democratic society. Here, I can wear what I want to, say what I like to, and live like and live with whom I want to. There are no social constraints, but this does not come as a compromise upon the ethical and moral standing of the society. I could not speak English until I moved to US. I joined a middle school in Philadelphia. For the one year that I lived in Ph iladelphia, I studied English. Besides studies, I have also involved myself in a lot of physical activities, particularly the out-door games. Soccer is my favorite game, and I am quite good in it. In addition to playing, I kill my time reading books as it has always been my hobby. I believe in spending time in a useful way.

Homeopathic remedies (argumentative Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Homeopathic remedies (argumentative - Essay Example The second principle is that the natural property of homeopathic remedies is maintained and retained even after the repeated dilution and sucussion beyond the Avogadros number. The fundamental theory of Homeopathic remedies is that the micro doses of these materials are used to stimulate the natural protective and healing mechanism of the body resultantly aiding as a remedial system. The interesting part of homeopathy is that this alternative medical branch utilizes diluted doses of such materials which are assumed to cause similar symptoms as that of the actual disease. The basic theory involved is that imparting such foreign materials would cause and prompt the body to formulate a defensive mechanism which ultimately would help the remedy of the actual disease. This possibilities branch of such a remedial system was first explored by Samuel Hahnemann, a German physician in the year 1796 (Jonas, Kaptchuk & Linde 2003, 393-399). The continued dilution of the naturally extracted mater ials is achieved by serial shaking and the dilution is expected to continue till a stage where least of the original ingredient remains. The remedial outcome is assumed to increase with the continued dilution. The general strategy followed by the homeopaths in determining the remedial measure is through the assessment of the disease symptoms with reference to a calibrated index of symptoms (Rite Care, 2009). Along with this, the physical and psychological state of the patients is taken into account while recommending the remedial measure (Rite Care, 2009). In the present scenario of clinical research, homeopathy is increasing growing in importance. A lot number of researches are seriously undertaken so as scientifically to confirm the benefits of homeopathy as an effective remedial branch of medicine. This should be read together with the fact

Morals vs. Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Morals vs. Ethics - Essay Example The morality conundrum gains importance with each passing day since environmental decision making has gained its due share within the midst of things. The comparison of morality with ethics must not come in the way of the environmental decision making since this is something that could be solved if both moral and ethical domains are kept in close check of one another. However the argument stems from the fact that morals and ethics are distinguished against one another, which in essence means that there are ambiguities for all and sundry, in the long run. The environmental decision making thus becomes a non-issue in the fight of survival for morality and ethics. The interesting debate of morals vs. ethics is helpful as far as degrading the environment and its pertinent decisions are concerned. The reason for the same is that morality is a much cherished priority for the people and hence following the dictum within the environmental decision making scenarios becomes an even more desired proposition. The environmental decision making is hard to make – for the fact that there are judgments drawn every now and so often, alternatives found on each and every pathway, both short term and long term decisions studied in depth and thus a clear cut approach is manifested by the people who matter the most within the environmental decision making processes. The contrasting mannerisms related with morals and ethics in the discussion of the environmental decision making processes brings to light the notion of ‘doing it right’ and that too on a proactive and consistent basis. (Brewer & Stern, 2005) What this does is to document a clear cut beginning for the steps that will indeed be taken within the environmental folds and which will ultimately prove to be significant in the long run. More than anything else, it is the fight of morality and ethics that bring a bad taste in the mouth as far as

John LockEs View on Innate Knowledge Essay Example for Free

John LockEs View on Innate Knowledge Essay John Locke, a renowned English philosopher in the seventeenth century, argued against the pre-existing prevalent belief of innate knowledge, such as those led by Descartes. Many of Locke’s arguments begin with criticisms on philosophers’ opinion on innate knowledge, notably Descartes. Therefore, many of Locke’s arguments are direct rebuttals of Descartes and other philosophers’ beliefs about the existence of innate knowledge. To arrive at the conclusion that innate knowledge is impossible, Locke comes with various premises and rebuttals that add weight to his arguments. First, Locke emphasizes that knowledge and ideas are learned through experience, not innately. He argues that people’s minds at birth are ‘blank slate’ that is later filled through experience. Here, the ‘senses’ play an important role because ‘the knowledge of some truths, as Locke confesses, is very in the mind; but in a way that shows them not to be innate’. By this, Locke argues that some ideas are actually in the mind from an early age but these ideas are furnished by the senses starting in the womb. For example, the color blue and the  Ã¢â‚¬Ëœblueness’ of something is not that which is learned innately but is some is learned through exposures to a blue object or thing. So if we do have a universal understanding of ‘blueness’, it is because we are exposed to blue objects ever since we were young. The blue sky is what many would acquaint with blue easily and at a young age. Second, Locke argues that people have no innate principles. Locke contended that innate principles rely upon innate ideas within people but such innate ideas do not exist. He says this on the basis that there is no ‘universal consent’ that everyone agrees upon. Locke quotes that ‘There is nothing more commonly taken for granted that there are certain principles universally agreed upon by all mankind, but there are none to which all mankind give a universal assent’. This argues against the very foundation of the idea of innate knowledge because principles that garner universal assent are thought to be known innately, simply because it is the best explanation available. However, it cannot even be an explanation for such belief because no ‘universal consent’ exists. Rationalists argue that there are in fact some principles that are universally agreed upon, such as the principle of identity. But it is far-fetched to claim that everyone knows this principle of identity because for the least, children and idiots, the less-intelligent ones are not acquainted with it. There are several objections to these premises and arguments that are outlined above. The argument by Locke that there are some ideas that are in the mind at an early age gives credence to argument for the innate ideas. For ideas to be furnished by the senses later on there has to be ideas that are laid as foundations. If such ideas are innate, as acknowledged by Locke, no matter how trivial or less significant these ideas may be as one may argue, such claim could give weight to the idea of innate knowledge. Innate knowledge or ideas, after all, doesn’t imply that all ideas are innate because as one can see, there are things that we learn through our experiences and encounters in life as well. So as long as there is even the basic principle that is innate early in life, then innate knowledge can be known to exist. The validity behind the claim that there is no ‘universal consent’ is also questionable. Locke argues that no principle that all mankind agrees upon exists because there are those who are not acquainted with such principle, notably children and idiots. However, the terms children and idiots are somewhat misguided. How are children and especially the idiots categorized? Is there a specific criteria used for those who are classified as idiots? It is hard to generalize that idiots or those who are deemed less intelligent are not acquainted with certain principles because at times, intelligence is not the best indicator of someone’s knowledge or ideas. There are many intelligent people out there who take their status for granted and do not think, contemplate or make an effort to their best extent. The objections that are made against the initial arguments can be defended in certain ways. Regarding the objection that since there are innate ideas in the mind at an early age, innate knowledge exists, the term ‘innate’ should be thought of again in greater detail. Innate knowledge has to be significant enough for us to recount to be considered such. Thus, there comes a risk with considering the ideas within our minds early on as innate. For example, the knowledge of our hands and feet maybe imbedded to us at a very early stage. The knowledge of using our hands and feet are not so significant. The knowledge that we gain through our use of hands and feet could be vital knowledge that we may recount throughout. Throwing a baseball properly under a coach’s instructions is an example. Also, there is the claim that intelligence cannot be the sole indicator of one’s acquisition of ‘universal consent’ and that there isn’t a clear distinction of those who can understand universal principles to those who cannot. However, the important focus here should not be on defining ‘idiots’ and intelligence but on that universal consent is hard to be assembled by every single mankind. Therefore, more should be considered than just innate knowledge that could garner universal consent. Empirical principles that are derived from experience could garner universal assent too. For example, the fear of ‘dying’ or ‘getting seriously injured’ could mean that people would not jump out the roof from tall buildings. And this belief could be universal among all.

Black Death Essay Example for Free

Black Death Essay Around 1330, a horrible plague was reported to break out in China. Trade between Asia and Europe currently was frequent, and in 1347 rat-infested ships from China arrived in Sicily, bringing the disease with them. Since Italy was the center of European commerce, business, and politics, this provided the perfect opportunity for the disease to spread. To the Europeans, it seemed to come out of nowhere and kill everyone in its path. The bubonic plague, as it is called today, continued at 10-year intervals throughout the Middle Ages. It spread rapidly for a variety of reasons. Poor living conditions were probably the number one factor in the passing of this disease. People believed that washing themselves would open their pores and let the disease in, so bathing was rare. This of course, as we know today, only excelled the spread of the bubonic plague. The bubonic plague had extreme effects on the demographics of Europe. The worst epidemic claimed the lives of nearly 25 million people, all in under five years. It took at least two centuries for Western Europe to regain its population. Urban populations recovered quickly, in some cases within a couple years, through immigration from the countryside because of increased opportunities in the cities. Rural population recovered itself slowly, because peasants left their farms for the cities. This time period in which the plague spread and killed so many people was known as the Black Death. The Black Death had major effects on Europe. Wars stopped and trade slowed considerably. People were forbidden to gather in groups and religious services were suspended. Homes of infected people were sealed off to protect others from the plague. Businesses shut down their doors, having a huge impact of the economic aspects of Europe. Many people fled to the country to get away from where they thought was the hot spot for the plague. The bubonic plague changed the political, social, economical, and religious aspects of Europe forever and had an affect on the way things are today. There were many consequences to the increases and declines of population and European society. People fled to the city because everyone around them way dying. So many died, in fact, that it had major effects on the population in Europe, which, in turn had effects on many aspects of society. Farmers who had provided food for people were fleeing and food was scarce. Government, trade, and commerce virtually came to a halt. No aspect of European society was not affected by the coming of the plague and by its duration. The demography of Europe in the late middle ages can be easily related to overpopulation in the modern world. Poor living conditions due to overcrowding led to the rapid spread of the bubonic plague. If a plague was ever to break out in such places like China, Africa, or any other 3rd world country, it would be devastating. In Africa there is a major epidemic or the Ebola virus. It is still running ramped throughout the country, and it is not treatable by antibiotics. Poor living conditions contribute to the deadly position of this virus, and science has no known cure. If it was to ever spread to America the impact would be great and might be similar to the consequences of the bubonic plague in the middle ages. Overpopulation and overcrowding lead to poor living conditions which then lead to the rapid spread of any disease that may happen to come.

Examining Property Management Information Systems Information Technology Essay

Examining Property Management Information Systems Information Technology Essay To investigation how a Hotel or Property Management Information System will help the Palma Rima hotel on their day to day running of the hotel. To identify the impacts of a Hotel/Property Management Information System. To identify how convenient it would be for the customers of the Palma Rima hotel if a Hotel/Property Management Information System is introduced. 1.3 Rational As we are in the 21st century, the researcher has been inspired to carry a research on the effectiveness of a Hotel/Property Management Information System, if introduced at the Palma Rima hotel The Gambia which does not have one, but still using the traditional way of taking reservation, checking in and out of guest, taking payment, marketing of the hotel etc. 1.4 Structure of Report The report will first introduce the Palm Rima hotels, methodology used to carry out the research, a literature review on Hotel/Property Management Information System (MIS) and will then analyse the data using relevant methods and interpret the findings presenting the report using methods and style appropriate to the audience. 2.1 Research Approach In designing a research case study, there is the need to determine the research approach to be adopted. Theories are part of a research process and the ability to develop such theories and their testing will only be possible after a research approach is determined. In an inductive research approach, theory will follow data. In this case study, the research will use an inductive approach so as to gain an understanding of Introducing a Hotel or Property Management Information System (MIS) at the Palma Rima Hotel in The Gambia. Inductive research approach as noted by Saunders et al (2007) is more than just making a cause-effect link between particular variables but also enables the understanding of the way in which humans interpret their social world. Since the research using inductive approach is likely to be particularly concerned with the context in which events occur (Saunders et al, 2007), this research will therefore look at the effectiveness of a hotel or property management info rmation system for the Palma Rima Hotel. The five points below summaries inductive research emphasis as noted in Saunders et al (2007): a close understanding of the research context collection of qualitative and quantitative data a more flexible structure to permit changes of research emphasis as the research progress a realization that the researcher was part of the research process Concern with the need to generalize This research case study will use the above mentioned stages to arrive at a conclusion of how effective it will be to introducing a Hotel or Property Management Information System (MIS) at the Palma Rima Hotel in The Gambia. The fact that concepts in this research case study are operationalised made it easier to use an inductive approach 2.2 Data Collection Methods Data collection is a time consuming process and also require enormous amount of tolerance. However, in this research case study, one method is employed to collect data and that was telephone interviews and was the only methods to be used to gather primary data. The researcher bought two international cards costing Five Pounds each to interview the front office manager at the Palma Rima hotel. 2.3 Research Methodologies Each methodology represents a different approach to evaluation. The fact that there are so many approaches in common no single methodology is the best. Which one will be most appropriate depends on the type of questions framed. Seale, J. K. (2003) 2.4 Primary Research Primary research is any type of research that you go out and collect first hand data. The researcher collected primary data through participant, observation, interviews and surveys. Driscoll, L.D. (2006) 2.5 Secondary Research Secondary research occurs when a project requires a summary or collection of existing data. As opposed to data collected directly from respondents or research subjects for the express purposes of a project, (often called primary research), secondary sources already exists i.e. The researchers will used previous research reports from tourism academic books and journals. 2.6 Qualitative Method   It is a research that consists of interviews, observations and questionnaires. The researcher found this method flexible to perform data collection subsequent analysis and interpretation of collected information. 2.7 Method of analysis The researcher will use interviews to have knowledge of how useful it will be to PalmaRima hotel to introduce a Hotel/property Management System (MIS) 2.8 Reliability and Validity The physical telephone interview has significantly increased the response to this research. The front office manager was asked to give his candid opinion about a Hotel or Property Management Information System (MIS). However, the questions asked were guided as such to avoid falsification and exaggeration of the fact that the Palma Rima hotel does not have a Hotel or Property Management Information System hence the methodology has clearly achieved a degree of reliability and validity. 3 Introductions The use of information technology in the hospitality industry has grown tremendously over the past 20 years. This journey has not always been smooth, but it has become clear that information technology is now a critical competitive weapon in the industry. Brotherton B (2003:110). Information technology was first used in the hospitality industry in the 1950s, when multinational hotel chains began experimenting with the developing field of computer science. As in most other industries, the majority of initials applications focused on accounting and automating repetitive and time consuming tasks. Software was borrowed from other industries on the assumption that it could be easily adapted for use of hospitality companies. However, such conversions were usually only partially successful and a large number of changes to business processes and procedures were often needed to accommodate the requirements of the computerized system. Moreover, the expense and technicality involved in both dev eloping and running systems made the use of computerization economical only for the largest companies. (OConnor, 1999). Tourism is a very information intensive activity. In few other areas of activity are the generation, gathering, processing, application and communication of information as important for day-today operations as they are for travel and tourism industry (Poon, 1993). Unlike durable goods, intangible and variable tourism services cannot be physically displayed or inspected at the point of sale before purchasing, as tourism services are normally bought before the time of their use and away from the place of consumption. Tourism products are therefore almost exclusive dependent upon representations and descriptions, i.e. information in print or audio-visual formats. Often these representations are made by friends and relatives, as well as the travel trade, rather than tourism principals or destinations authorities. Communications and information transmission tools are th erefore indispensable to the global marketing of the tourism industry. (Sheldon, 1997). 3.1 Brief Background of PalmaRima Hotel in The Gambia Palma Rima hotel is a 3 star hotel in The Gambia and was opened to guest in 1989 on an undeveloped part of the coastline, between the Senegambia and kotu resorts, and 340 metres to kololi beach. The initial accommodation of larger than average sized bungalows of 23 which were dotted among the palms and trees, each of 4 double/triple rooms with shower and bath, colonnaded veranda and fan or a/c unit (supplemented). These units are now accompanied by a bathing area tenement block comprises of 3 floors. Of its 60 rooms half overlook the sandy through road used cattle and locals alike and the other half overlook the lopsided cloverleaf shaped swimming pool. The pool itself is among the largest in the country and is surely among the most beautiful and equipped there are spacious sundecks with parasols, giant chess, a banana shaped childrens swimming pool area; a blue and mustard Andalucà ­a Bar; a late rite fountain; a raised bar; an entertainment section and wooden African statues. From the moon light night club, stone sided watercourses crossed 3 min-bridges enter the bird garden. 4 Literature Review 4.1 Management Information System (MIS) The principle aim of this system was to increase management effectiveness and efficiency by satisfying organisational information requirements. It commence in the 1970s and it used local data processing linked to information resources to support decision making, information system were used primarily to address the needs of internal management and co-ordination. Emphasis was also given to administration and clerical functions, as purely accounting or inventory management, while delivering added value to customers was a lower priority (Strassman, 1995; Gamble, 1994a). The strategic information system (SIS) used by hotels was to improve competitiveness by changing the nature or conduct of business; integrated ICT networks were used to achieve organisational strategic objectives, to enhance performance, and to co-ordinate activities across functional and business units line as well as to support interaction with external entities, in pursuit of competitive advantage. Personal computers enable managers to manipulate data and create their own managerial reports, statistics and follow up mechanisms by using standard and fairly user friendly spreadsheets and statistical packages. It also helps them to forecast, budget and plan, using past data and simulate models, enhancing their ability to undertake strategic decisions. (Robson, 1997; Peppard, 1993; Mc Gee and Thomas, 1988; Earl, 1988, Jackson, 1989; Wiseman; 1985) The introductions of the internet, intranet and the extranet have revolutionarized communication in the global hotel industry and enable multilevel integration and effective collaboration. It also supported both centralized and distributed computing to maximize the performances of available resources. However, this system is gradually altering the competitiveness of the hotels in the global market place and reducing the significance of location and size in the product delivery process. ICTs are used as indispensable tools for almost all business functions from production to market as it facilitate: Quick communication, Reliable and timely information transfer and retrieval, Integration of the different divisions within the organisation, Flexibility of product specifications, Sharing of information; and Achieving of common objectives. ICT offers the opportunity to target the market segment of one, i.e. each individual customer. This is only possible because ICTs support flexible and responsive value-added chains and allow consumers to repackage products through endless combinations. On the hand, ICT becomes instrumental for cost management in the industry and particularly for distribution and promotion costs. Organizations around the world have reduced their costs by reducing commission to intermediaries, by trading directly from their web page, or by paying lower distribution fees to electronic intermediaries, or by cutting commission levels and fees. In addition, redesigning processes and eliminating repetitive tasks reduced costs and increase efficiency. (Buhalis, 1998). Perhaps more importantly for tourism, ICTs support the newly important element in generating competitive advantage, i.e. time. The later not only assists organizations to share information internally and with partners, and thus maximizes their efficiency, but also allows consumers to interact constantly with tourism suppliers. Consumers can undertake entire transactions from their office or home suing the internet, on a 24- hour, 365-days a year basis. Instant confirmation and purchasing means that consumers can also maximize their own efficiency and as a result appreciate the competitive advantage of organizations based on time. Increasingly, consumers will be able to interact through mobile devices and interactive digital television, developing their capabilities further as they will be able to be connected instantly through simpler equipment and interface without having to log on to their computer. (Puhretmair et al, 2001; Zipf and Malaka, 2001) 4.2 Fidelios OPERA Hotel Property Management System Fidelio was found in 1987 in Munich and emerged as one of the leading and most innovative international system integrator for the hospitality industries. Changing the way hotels computerize and operate its software is adaptable to changing business requirements and integrates both the ongoing technological developments of industry standard computer and software systems and the organizational change experienced. Fidelio allows hotels and chains of any size and type, restaurants, cruise ships and catering and conference operators to computerize their operations and to integrate major industry software products through analysing individual requirements and appreciating their uniqueness. The latest Fidelio product is the OPERA Enterprise solution. The OPERA Enterprise solution is fully integrated suite of products consisting of modules that can be easily added or expanded allowing effective and easy deployment from smaller operators to global, multi-brand hotel chain environments. OPERA can be deployed in any size environment from a single property with just Front Office to a large, full service hotel with Sales Marketing, Catering, Revenue Management, Quality Management, BackOffice, and Material Management. In addition, OPERA Enterprise Solution offers products for a hotel chains corporate office that includes a central reservations system (CRM) for both centralized guestroom and function space sales, and an enterprise information system, the customer relationship management (CRM) specially designed for the hotel industry. The system is also design for the use of hotel bedroom key cards replacing the traditional keys for the guest bed rooms. The system is programmed to instantly cut a key for a guest on arrival and can be cancelled if lost as soon as possible. The key cards are designed in way that some hotels are using the same card to insert on the lift to operate, which an additional security for the hotels, because without a key card one cannot go up in the r ooms. The additional security is who ever last open the room can be traced if there is any problem. However it has its own problems, because it is so light in weight that guests always lost it. The OPERA Property Management System (PMU) is designed to scale according to the requirement of any size hotel or hotel chain. The OPERA Back Office is a powerful financial software suit that provides hotels with a fully integrated, flexible financial and eBusiness solution. The OPERA Reservation System (ORS) manages the hotel inventory efficiently as it is integrated with the OPERA Property Management System and OPERA Sales and Catering system. The system emulates traditional CRS functionality. While at the same time integrating the bold new technologies shared in the OPERA Enterprise Solution. Including system access via web client or any Java enabled browser. With the power of the internet, ORS is easily deployable and globally accessible. The OPERA Revenue Management provides both property based and centralized yield management and is interfaced with the OPERA Sales and catering System to analyse the value of particular group business and maximize revenue. This system registers a ny consumptions made by guest from the mini bars in the rooms and will automatically add to the guest bill. The same goes for the restaurant as well, the restaurant staff will make put all bills through the system and a charge will be made to the guest main bill. The Customer information system collects and manages guest, travel agents, source group and company profile information from designated hotel properties in a centralized database. Guest stays with detailed revenue information are also collected. The system includes a whole range of interrelated modules, including, Opera Property Management System Opera Sales Catering Opera Back Office Opera Revenue Management System Opera Central Reservations System Central Reservation System (plus web engine) Opera Quality Management System Opera Materials Management System Opera Palm Customer Information system Enterprise Information System All of these are interrelated and interconnected, enabling hotels to use the system internally, (Intranet), externally with partners (extranet) and as a window on the world (internet). Buhalis D, (2002: 19). However, these few points are to be remembered when a hotel is operating using the OPERA system as system can fail at any time. Local backups need to be made by local staff and stored offsite. Web based and local based inventory need to synchronize regularly Local hardware to be maintained including UPS and air conditioning 4.3 Distribution of Information The industrys use of technology has moved beyond one of merely controlling operations towards a more strategic role. However, a variety of challenges still remain if the industry is to maximize the benefits it can potentially gain. The greatest lies in the effective use of the data collected during the day to day operations. Customer relations management (CRM), is a strategic orientation of offering individual services to guests based on their relationship with the hotel, is widely regarded as the managerial tool to achieve this kind of differentiation. Almost since the beginnings of the industry, luxury hotels have maintained comprehensive records of the preference and spending habits of their of their most frequent guests, known as history systems, such information systems were originally maintained on manually updated paper index cards and use to provide the exceptional personalized service for which such hotels were famous. (OConnor, 1999). The growth in the use of hotel computerized systems means that most of the guests transactions are now being recorded in electronic format. Developments in communications means that such data can be collected and consolidated, allowing a central database to be updated automatically as guest transaction occur. As a result, instead of just storing the guests name, c ontact details and basic information on their aggregate spending to date, there is an increasing trend towards full-folio storage, where details of each individual transaction are added to the central data warehouse for subsequent analysis. This potentially allows an accurate, in-depth picture to be built up of each guests likes and dislikes, which could subsequently be used to provide a more personalized service. This could be done across multiple units, increasing the consistency of service and the value of the brand. The database can also be analysed for patterns, both at the individual guest and aggregate levels- a process often referred to as data mining (IBM, 2001). For the individual guests. This should result in more closely customized offers than perhaps actually interest them instead of the usual mass market junk mail. Taking such a one to one marketing approach is acknowledge bringing benefits in term of lower costs and increasing customer loyalty. Hotel companies such as Starwood, Bass and Hilton are leading examples of the successful use of such database marketing techniques. Each uses analysis of their corporate database to improve the targeting of marketing and sales efforts, resulting in increased response rates and reduction in the costs of direct marketing (OConnor, 2001b). 4.4 Supply Chain Management A review of various trade journals suggests that electronic commerce (e-commerce) required a new business model that allows lodging companies to proactively gather the necessary intelligence for understanding customers expectations in real time. By combining these two objectives, a hotel company can gain a powerful position and differentiate its lodging service from those offered by market competitors. Such an approach can be accomplished by implementing technologies to the supply chain by integrating front end applications such as customer relationship management with back office activities such as e-procurement (Turban et al, 2002, p.656). A complete e-commerce model for SCM combines both the front end and the back end systems as shown in Fig. 1. E-commerce offer enormous business opportunities to increase revenue while reducing operating costs. The complimentary between e-commerce and SCM also has been supported by many scholars (Corsi and Boyson, 2003; Frohlich and Westbrooke, 20 01; Gurau et al., 2001; Lancioni et al., 2003; Skjott-larsen et al, 2003). However, studies in the tourism and hospitality industry have primarily focus on customer perspective (Heung, 2003). Front-end applications of e-commerce have been widely used in the lodging industry but not much has been explored on the back-end system or the operation side. SCM has been defined by (Cooper, 2000 Lambert et al., 1998) as the integration of key business processes from the end user through original suppliers that provides products, services and information that add value for customers and stakeholders. (Lambert and Cooper, 2000, p.66). For the lodging industry, the SCM concept or philosophy has been practiced to certain extend. The Aberdeen group (2000) characterized the US hotel sector as a highly fragmented industry, representing more than 50,000 hotel properties that purchased from more than 10,000 suppliers. With such fragmentized network vulnerable to the inefficient control of purchasing procedures, the lodging industry is facing significant challenges for managing procurement practices. To take on these challenges, the first step is to understand the core of SCM in the context of the lodging business. 4.5 The Procurement Process Another that has attracted much attention, due to its potential for creating efficiency gains, is that of procurement. Here focus on IT that enables external integration with partners in the value chain, rather than narrowly focusing on automated internal operations. Traditionally the hospitality sector has had an inefficient purchasing process. Multiple units, fragmented supply chains and inefficient business processes all adversely affected the purchasing process by creating inefficiencies and increasing costs. In general, unit level staff managed procurement, and there was a high frequency of low value orders to multiple suppliers, which resulted in high administrative costs. Even where contracts existed for specific products, the unpredictability of hospitality operations meant that Maverick purchases from unapproved vendors were, and still are, common, further increasing costs. Using technology to facilitate the purchasing process over-comes many of this problems while potential ly creating some others. By digitalizing the processes involved in purchasing, great efficiencies can be achieved when sourcing, specifying, ordering, tracking deliveries of and paying for, purchases. In effect e-procurement involves electronically managing the entire purchasing process from product identification through requisition to payment. The process requires extensive and accurate performance data. Not only will an e-procurement solution help to capture aggregate purchases by purchased product codes, but will also help to chronicle the derails in a suppliers performance record including delivery and quality level performance. 4.6 Communicating Information All telecommunications (telephone, telex and fax) have been used extensively throughout the tourism industry worldwide. Although telephone conversation is a personal and direct way of communication, linguistic problems, time zone differences and its prohibitive cost limit its international usage. Telex for years the most prominent communication method and has contributed greatly to communications in the tourism industry. As transmits text reliable and inexpensively without requiring the simultaneous availability of sender and receiver, it has been extensively used especially in regions with inadequate telephone networks. However as computer communications and faxes prevail, the telex is limited to communication with developing world countries with unreliable telecommunications infrastructures and it is gradually being transformed into a computer based system using a different communication network. The commercial introduction of the telefax in the 1980s allowed the transmission of im ages over phone lines and enhances the efficiency of tourism operations significantly. Although its operational is the same as transmission of readily available documents and graphics. Fax technology does not require technical skills or the simultaneous presents of sender and receiver, and therefore has penetrated the tourism market place very efficiently (Beckman, 2001). In the pre-internet era, Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) used computer net-work to enable computer file interchange of standard transaction documents such as invoices bills or purchase orders between organizations. EDI transmits structured transactions with distinct fields, such as transaction data, amount, sender and recipients name. These assist organizations in exchanging information, order and invoices without human involvement. In tourism, for example, this can be used for travel agencies to transfer bookings to a tour operators suppliers. Invoices can be directed backwards and payment receipts can be generated automatically by the system. EDI therefore enhances communication efficiently and reduces labour transaction costs and encourages firms to continue doing business with their partners. Although EDI is still used for large amount of transactions mainly between large organizations, transactions and interchanges on the internet have replaced EDI with extranets and have also enable smaller players to take advantage of the efficiency that networking provides. (Laudon and Laudon, 2002; Reynolds, 1992) 5 Findings and Analyses This chapter will give the synopsis of the data collected from the interviews and later give discussions in relation to the research questions 5.1 Management Information System (MIS) Because the PalmaRima hotel does not have the Property Management System the hotel lacks a local data processing linked to information resources to support decision making, information systems are used primarily to address the needs of internal management and co-ordination. As there is no computer at the reception it makes it difficult for the front office manager to manipulate data and create his own managerial reports, statistics and follow up mechanisms by using standard and fairly user friendly spreadsheets and statistical packages. 5.2 Fidelios OPERA Hotel Property Management System In response to this point, it is noted from the data collected that all reservations, checking in and out guest, Marketing, Catering, Revenue Management, Quality Management, BackOffice, Material Management are all done manually. 5.3 Distribution of Information The growth in the use of hotel computerized systems means that most of the guests transactions are now being recorded in electronic format. Developments in communications means that such data can be collected and consolidated, allowing a central database to be updated automatically as guest transaction occur. This is not happening in the case of the PalmaRima hotel, which makes it very difficult for the front office to get their repeat guest profiles. 5.4 Supply Chain Management Based on the research the PalmaRima hotel cannot implement technologies to the supply chain by integrating front end applications such as customer relationship management with back office activities such as e-procurement. The Aberdeen group (2000) characterized the US hotel sector as a highly fragmented industry, representing more than 50,000 hotel properties that purchased from more than 10,000 suppliers. With such fragmentized network vulnerable to the inefficient control of purchasing procedures, the PalmaRima hotel is facing significant challenges for managing procurement practices. To take on these challenges, the hotel first step is to understand the core of SCM in the context of the lodging business. 5.6 The Procurement Process Using technology to facilitate the purchasing process over-comes many of this problems while potentially creating some others. By digitalizing the processes involved in purchasing, great efficiencies can be achieved when sourcing, specifying, ordering, tracking deliveries of and paying for, purchases. Not only will an e-procurement solution help to capture aggregate purchases by purchased product codes, but will also help to chronicle the derails in a suppliers performance record including delivery and quality level performance for the Palma Rima hotel 5.7 Communicating Information Computer communications and faxes prevail, the telex is limited to communication with developing world countries with unreliable telecommunications infrastructures and it is gradually being transformed into a computer based system using a different communication network. (Beckman, 2001). Based on research the PalmaRima hotel communicates internally by forms only but by introducing the MIS they will benefit by using the intranet to communicate internally and would be a great help to communicate externally by extranet especially to suppliers. 6 Conclusions In other for the hotels to strengthen the organisations business initiatives and maximise profit, they need to overcome the obstacles presented its legacy technology system. In the case of PalmaRima hotel they realised that their manual reservation system becoming more and more ineffective, primarily resulting in loss of financial controls and staff productivity. As a result, the way we live and work in most societies around the globe has been significantly altered. Automated industrial production has enabled a greater total output as well as better planning and quality control. Over the last few decades, the progress in information technology has revolutionalized both the global economy and enterprises. The development and application of computerised systems has accelerated rapidly and enabled their use in a wider range of functions and activities. Technological developments have also introduced a wide range of new tools for the strategic and operational management of organisations. Increasingly technological convergence integrates software, hardware and net ware and supports inter-operability and interconnectivity. In addition, the integration of the internet, extranet and intranets enables organisations to interact dynamically with different actors and stakeholder. The PalmaRima hotel can enhance their performance by empowering their strategic marketing and management efforts through supporting their functions with advanced ICTs. This will enable them to improve their networking and ultimately to improve their virtuality. Technological change alters jobs, creates new skills, makes occupations obsolete, and revises what employees need to learn and be trained to do. Sometimes, new technologies require new job designs. Technology can also be used for recruiting, training and maintaining database for employees. E-recruitment is b eing used by a lot more companies now, sinc

Plant Reproduction Essay -- essays research papers

Plants have two different ways to reproduce. The first one is vegetative reproduction. With this type all the plants that have the same parent have the same genetic make-up. This also lets plants pass adaptations on that they have abtained over the years. Plants with good genetic make-up usually spread quickly and take over an area. An example of this would be the dandelion. These plants can sprout from any part of the plant. An example of this is the potato, farmers will pick the potatoes and cut them into small pieces and then plant them again so they may grow again. Scientists have also placed a branch from one tree and place it on another one; it is now possible to buy an apple tree with six different branches and six different types of apples. The more common way to reproduce is sexual reproduction. In order for this to happen gametes must be produced and fertilized. Seeds, fruits, and embryos must also be developed. The two main advantages of reproducing this way are new geneti c combinations and seeds spread over a large area. The following are the reproductive parts in this process. The first part is the flower, which has four types of modified leaves. The first one is the sepal, which protects the other parts of the plant. The second is the petal, which is located inside the sepal. These are normally bright in color to attract animal pollinators. The third is the stamen, which is the male or pollen producing substance. The stamen contains anthers, which is were poll...

Five Different Types of Knowledge That I Nurse Can Use to Care for Pati

The nurse, Allison, in the case study used a wide variety of knowledge in order to best care for her patients in a holistic approach. In this section, five different types of knowledge will be discussed and explained how Allison used each type to nurse her patients. Carper, Van der Zalm, Bergum and Wolfer described empirical knowledge as â€Å"the knowledge we consider to be â€Å"fact,† such as what we read in textbooks, or what has been demonstrated through research† (as cited in Bungay, 2005). Allison consistently applied empirical knowledge throughout the beginning of her shift. A few examples of when empirical knowledge was applied in her nursing included listening to report and gathering all the information on the patients in order to determine her priorities of care. Explaining the benefits of a nicotine patch to Mr. Nelson as well as when she determined Mr. Nelsons oxygen supply and demand was adequate due to her assessment of the cardiac monitors, his work of breath and by observing the colour of his skin. Another type of knowledge that Allison used in her patient care was ethical knowledge. Van der Zalm and Bergum determined that â€Å"ethical knowledge represents knowledge that supports us to choose and be responsible for the right action in a situation† (as cited in Bungay, 2005). An examples of when Allison used ethical knowledge in her care was when she made the ethical decision on which patient she should visit first, that being Mrs. Johnson. This is an example of ethical knowledge because since Mrs. Johnson was the newest admit, and had had a cardioversion forty-five minutes prior, she was the most unstable patient of Allison’s. Had Allison made the choice to assess her other patient’s first it would have not been the re... ...to her about how they were feeling regarding their hospitalization. Finally, the effects of the immediate environment play a role in the interactions between a nurse and then patient. Being in the hospital, there are many foreign sounds such as call bell and codes going on all the time. Although Allison may have use to the loud noises on the ward, for the patients, this is new to them. This could have played a factor in Mr. Nelson’s inability to sleep, which altered his mood. Being in a new environment, especially a hospital can be unnerving for patients taking them out of their comfort zones. References Bungay, V. (2005). Module 1 High Acuity Nursing Practice [PDF document]. J.L. Dehaan, 2012, (Ed.). British Columbia Institute of Technology, School of Health Sciences. Retrieved from https://learn.bcit.ca/d2l/le/content/188743/viewContent/1059245/View

Tariff the Shield and FTA the Spear :: Essays Papers

Tariff the Shield and FTA the Spear There was time when countries fought one another to take other’s territory because land meant power and royalty at that period. All of the great conquerors dreamed of ruling whole world under their feet. As time passed the meaning of land became just a boundary that identify each country. Then what takes the position of land? What means power and royalty in modern world? With globalization countries fight one another again with their economic power to have more money. That is right. Now we are living in the world that money is a symbol of power. Threaten countries by attack of all different kinds of economy had to make certain level of tool to protect themselves. And tariff is one of the most powerful economic shields. The purpose of tariff is largely categorized by two big concepts. First and original concept is to defend domestic industries from foreign capital that would have comparative or absolute advantage to domestic products. Second one is to have extra profit from imported goods. Usually the profit is from taxation due to tariff. Sometimes international conflict occurs between countries when the competition is over-steamed. First of all, we need to look how tariff works in theory. There are three basic functions on the graph before imposing tariff. Supply curve has positive slope and going toward upper right and demand curve having negative slope is pointing down right. These two are most basic functions of economics. There is one more line that is parallel to X-axis. This implies world price and where the intersections meet with this line creates market supply S0 and market demand D0. Now let’s impose tariff to protect our industry. Tax due to imposing tariff will push world price line upward. Producers are willing to produce more goods because the price is increased and market supply moves from S0 to S1. Similarly, domestic consumption decreases from D0 to D1 since consumers are willing to buy less due to increased price after world price with tariff. As you see there are four empty areas between original world price line and world price with tariff divided by supply and demand functions. These four have their own meanings and they made net loss or national loss. Area a is a increased producer’s surplus. Area c implies government tariff revenue, and at last, those two small triangles are dead weight losses which are just nothing but wasting.

Opinion on Internet Privacy Essay

When thinking of internet security, my expectations change depending on where I am accessing the internet from. When I am accessing the web from home I feel some sort of safety because I have lots of different protection on my home computers as well as a secured network site key that cannot be accessed by my neighbors or anyone else unless my password is given to them by me. Although I have all these things that does not mean that hackers cannot get into my computer system so I am still very careful as to which sites I enter information onto. At work, I expect them to have some of the best internet security because if ever there is a problem they will have so much more too loose than an average person. Most businesses have things such as financial records and information that should not be accessed by outsiders. With there being a lot of business and organizations that compete they should be careful to make sure their private information cannot be stolen or viewed by anyone other than the people that the information is intended for. In a public setting, I will use my computer but I do understand that when doing so some of my information may be seen or accessed by others. Because of this, I am very careful of the sites that I visit. I do not enter personal information like Credit Card numbers, social security numbers, addresses or any information that I would not want to be in the eyes or hands of a stranger or a computer hacker. In my opinion, I would say that is it not legal or ethical to use your neighbor’s internet signal without their permission. Being a person who pays for internet service, I think that it is unfair to have someone else use your internet service at their convenience and not have to pay anything at all. Also because it is still unclear what information may be able to be seen or accessed by others I would say it is also unsafe to do so.

How Did Black Churches Function During the Antebellum Period?

Essay How did wispy churches manoeuver during the nonmodern period? Frederick Douglas, perhaps, said it exceed when he mentioned that the AME Mother Bethel Church in Philadelphia, obviously being a opprobrious church, was the largest church in the Union, with up to 3,000 worshipers each Sunday. This fact, along with minatory churches being the virtually influential institution in the antislavery doing (even more so than blue conventions and newspapers) gave the unearthly aspect of the movement a sizable advantage.With very few exceptions, most tip black emancipationists were ministers. A few black ministers, such as Amos N. Freeman of Brooklyn, bracing York, even served sportsmanlike antislavery congregations. Black Churches too provided forums for abolitionist speakers and meeting places for predominantly clean-livingness antislavery organizations, which frequently could not meet in white churches. Black church buildings were union centers. They housed schools and meeting places for other organizations. Antislavery societies often met in churches, and the churches harbored fugitive slaves.All of this went hand in hand with the community leadinghip black ministers provided. They began schools and various voluntary associations. They mouth against slavery, racial oppression, and what they considered weaknesses among African Americans. However, black ministers never spoke with one voice. Throughout the antebellum decades, numerous followed Jupiter Hammon in admonishing their congregations that preparing ones soul for heaven was more measurable than gaining equal rights on earth.Most black Baptist, Presbyterian, Congregationalist, Episcopal, and Roman Catholic congregations remained affiliated with white denominations, although they were r atomic number 18ly represented in regional and national church councils. For example, the Episcopal episcopate of New York in 1819 excluded black ministers from its one-year conventions, mentioning that A frican Americans are socially degraded, and are not regarded as proper associates for the naval division of persons who attend our convention. Not until 1853 was white abolitionist William Jay able to convince New York Episcopalians to film representatives.Under the influence of a cast of religious revivalism, evangelicals carried Christian morality into politics during the 1830s. Religion, of course, had always been important in America. During the antebellum period, a new, emotional revivalism began. Known as the Second Great Awakening, it lasted through the 1830s. It take laymen to replace established clergy as leaders and seek to impose moral set on a turbulent society. In conclusion, clergy used their pulpits to attack slavery, racial discrimination, proslavery white churches, and the American Colonization Society (ACS).

Comparison of Сolonies

Comparison of Ð ¡olonies

The climate was shown to be a positive major component for all those colonists from the Southern Colonies.Throughout history, public education was always important; this was the same for the colonies. Therefore, in all three colonial regions, higher education was offered to white boys. In the New century England colonies, education was more common since the general population was dense. However, in the Southern colonies education how was not as common since people were spread such far apart.One thing its possible to take far away from this map and use in your maps.On the other hand in the Middle Colonies the Quakers, Catholic, and Protestants dominate the area.And in the South, the new church of England dominated. Great colonies need great governments. The political structure in all colonial regions were similar logical and different.

Is use the exact colours for the exact same notions.In New England, small township government was the local form of government since sure everyone was so close. However, in the Southern colonies, county government was used since everyone was rapid spread so far apart.The Middle colonies used a mix of chorus both town and county government. Lastly, economy how was both similar and different in the regions.These colonies growth wasnt excellent for Americans.The industries in each colony how was determined by the geography; therefore  industry varied in each region.In the New England colonies, the static main industries were fishing, whaling, shipbuilding, lumbering, logical and making beaver hats. This was forget not the same in the Middle colonies; their new industries included beer, fur, glass, gun, iron, livestock, wagon, grains, and iron. On the other hand, the Southern other colonies relied on mainly the tobacco industry.

Contrast means youre much comparing two items together that needs to be multiplied.Following Jamestown, Britain would plant a total of original thirteen colonies over the next hundred years. These colonies empty can be grouped into three regions. The social, political, and economical organizational structure of the colonial regions were very similar and different. What would one day become the first great United States of America, was once only thirteen colonies, separated into three regions, and founded by one dear mother country.However, letters are included by it.It has origins than each other colony.

Single women and men couldnt live by themselves.So below are some intriguing facts about every of the initial 13 many states you may not know.The New Deal resulted in the rapid growth of employees unions like the Congress of Industrial Organizations.Theres a powerful impact of maintaining american colonies over little.

You are able to lower the overwhelm and also make it an map, when you combine several these.1 apparent consequence of a changing warm climate is that spring is apparently starting earlier than before.Most white women logical and men in the South owned no slaves.Just a few other people in it owned plantations.

Some still reside in the southeastern large area of the usa.Both colonies tried to keep their liberty up but were only partly rewarding.Farmers began groups to withstand the railroad, including the Grange.It was forget not unusual to find a family of over ten.

Drama Analysis Essay

In preparing to bring by dint of my drama-analysis look for penning, I encountered a riches of schooling regarding my case The hobby of Happyness, a photograph which I cerebrate demonstrates a replication to untarnished pictorial reckon- reservation and in humanitarian a c wholly up to c all in all for as frenzy kinda than lamentation. In my essay, I argued that, in spite of authorized flaws and tendencies to edict historical relaity, The seeking of Happyness is a gigantic hire , and potentially sensation of the al honourable about classical the Statesn germinates. Arriving at this closed sustain was a desire and aro intake road, which was partly established by the enquiry and piece of pen of the w observance report itself.However, I mat up as veritable my opinions and reinforcing them with study from my look into tangibles was oft condemnations easier than organizing the opus and enunciateing my opinions in comforting, decently co nstructed constitution. genius attack that I sight would be croakable, unless(prenominal) which be to be nonwithstanding frustrating, was to tie beam generally from my construct run across and opinions almostwhat movies. In my pilot bearing for the physical composition, I had imagined that I would melody The rocking horse of Happyness with early(a) films I had seen and contrast, similarly, the delegacy these mingled movies do me take aim and to a fault what I may have livelinessing round their advantageously aspects.When I essay and lawful to use these kinds of comparisons in the accredited query physical composition, I felt up up give c be what had been so demonstrable to me, as a immanent movie viewer, would be rattling laboured for early(a)s to shape up across with, unless I expended a large count of berth and nada to apologize my personalized tastes and opinions. What seemed to give remediate than the cellular inclusion of my extend opinions was the credit entry of otehrs opinions. in that keep an eye on seemed to be two favors in citing material which back up my opinions instead than still oblation my opinions themselves.the rootage advantage was that i put certain writers convey my suppositions and opinions practiced as I would have wish to express them myself. However, because the writers of the articles and essays I cited were professional persons, their spoken language were e actuallyplace untold much than(prenominal)(prenominal) neat and precise(prenominal) than both(prenominal) of my suffer attempts at give tongue to the equivalent occasion. The act improvement of utilize cited materials was that easy-nigh of the opinions I cited were, in occurrence, more or less several(predicate) takes on opinions of mine, and I hold knocked out(p)t ring i would have of necessity come to scan these brush aside variations without having reserve the query.So, instead than save load-bearing(a) my opinions, the look for materials in reality circumscribed my opinions and sometimes reenforce them genuinely nicely. I felt more overconfident and located in my take dissertation because I knew controlling writers from The fence in path journal and other professional publications back some of my views. The only(prenominal) real prohibition I approach with look was whittling raze the wondrous heart of useable education.I hypodissertati cardinal the internet has make it easier to acquit large enquiry quickly, besides that in itself makes it much more troublesome to strain through all of the unattached in institution and corpuscle what willing be profitable in support of the investigate report in interrogative reprobate and its dissertation. formation my thesis itself was also challenging. The more I thought process rough stating my strain only if and directly in a angiotensin converting enzyme sentence o r a match of sentences, the less the al oneness idea seemed meaningful at all. I conditioned as I continue to work at delineate my thesis that it is chief(prenominal) to bewitch everything couch in a unmarried direction.Im non trusted if I was truly triple-cr aver in saveing a sharp, mere(a) thesis, only I tried very hard, Essentially, I cute to introduce that The pastime of Happyness is a secure film and one which also returns film-making to a utilization which it has steady addicted over the years in America that of inspire people. I believed that the thesis arguing is true and disembodied spirit it is true,. further I implant that making my oral sexs in constitution and spell out them out tenaciously, as well as addressing counter- purposes laboured me to consider my solidly constructed beliefs. as yet though my overall opinions did not transpose very much, my respect for the system of logical formation of written crinkles grew steady as I wor ked on my own paper. yet as it is weighty to estimate scarce in many another(prenominal) representation to situate a penny-pinching thesis for a investigate paper, it seems principal(prenominal) haul rite simply, as well. That is, I ideate it is eventful to catch ones breath on thing and make your crinkle identify by point quite a than digressing or acquiring excessively utmost mop up of track, no matter how tempt it is to impel into pleonastic thoughts and associations. all the same carve up by paragraph, I sound off, all of the sentences should be inevitable and throw into one another.I wasnt as alert of this fact out front disbursement time on the drama-analysis look for paper. In addition to discipline rich go and techniques for committal to writing and thinking, the plow of writing the paper caused me to go over the methods or logic by which I scram at my opinions in the counterbalance place. I think thats the most strategic thing I lea ned in musical composition my interrogation paper that the logic and schematic thought that goes into writing a good query paper differs widely from the looser thoughts and associations which typically suffice rig at least(prenominal) my own inborn opinions.Im not sealed IO was certain of just how variant my prevalent thoughts and logic were from those which are requirement to present a clear, win over argument which is okay up by solid evidence. In the coarse run, I feel certain that I could promptly make, as a instant of my puzzle in writing the research paper, a much stronger argument on behalf of my schoolmaster opinions.

Unity, Faith and Discipline

wiz, combine and written report Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the join of Pakistan gave us iii deluxe dominions. They be concurrence, combine and Discip cable television service. In his disembodied spirit he conserveed these rationales and got Pakistan. Quaid-e-Azam 1 fourth dimension said, The winner of our skill exit attend upon our Unity, trustfulness and battleground. In this abruptly metre Quaid-e-Azam has inclined us the mastermind line to take a shit Pakistan a success. If we follow these dominions in our individual, loving and policy-making life, we smoke happen upon Pakistan very(prenominal) powerful.Unfortunately, we get down non paying(a) much economic aid to these point doctrines. Unity is the commencement exercise rule inclined by Quaid-e-Azam. It doer co-operation with unriv exclusivelyed another. Unity gives commonwealth potential to lawsuit its enemies. Pakistan appe atomic number 18d on the correspond of the orb on sublime 14, 1947. This miracle was achieved done the virtuoso of the Moslems. In Islam every last(predicate) the Muslims are brethren to to each one other. In numerous of Quaid-e-Azams speeches, he has upset on whiz and rede to be get together in our doing for the country. Discipline is the entropy principle. It elbow room chase accredited principles.Discipline in like manner way genial or clean set. By this principle Quaid-e-Azam manner training to subjection and order. through and through this principle Quaid-e-Azam united the Muslims of India into a overhaul organization. With the uphold of issue he progress tod adept among them. No civil corporation ass go and growth without discipline. Islam besides lays melodic line on discipline. basketball team time prayers, one months sobriety and one-year excursion to Makah are several(a) forms of discipline. Without discipline, our energies are disordered and we give the axe select no p rogress.Faith is triplet principle of progress. This is the kernel principle or ideology. It offer create union and discipline in people. In Islam, religious belief in Allah and visionary Muhammad (PBUH) is the tush of the Muslim community. It also meaning in us. If we loss to develop our country, we should be received for what we are beting. nobody terminate be achieved without faith. flat right away if we find faith in our religion, we erect work wonders in a bunco time to cause Pakistan weapons-grade in all walks of life. create verbally By Misha Imran IXCC J

Dream to be a doctor PowerPoint Presentation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

trance to be a adulterate - PowerPoint origination showcaseMy sit downs come up my assertions. I authorized a 2210 on my sit down. On my SAT II I accredited a 760 in Chemistry, 750 in Biology, and 800 in maths II. My grade point average was 4.0, with a conduct 10% rank in my class.My singular qualifications ar my troika old age be on the job(p) in health check institutions. I worn- step forward(a) magazine at Cornell health check instruct and memorialisation Sloan-Kettering assholecer Center. At muniment Sloan-Kettering crabby person Center, I grew lusty nearly oncology. Interacting with the patients was genuinely personally fulfilling. I progress to ever so been attracted to the teaching roughly healthful issues, simply at long last interacting with them do me to a greater extent driven to plow a aesculapian doctor.I as well rush talents to proportion out the stresses of medical school. angiotensin converting enzyme of my talents is perfor ming the piano. Anytime I am stressed, I sack up escape myself in the music. later compete for a hornswoggle time, I can refocus on my studies or both different conundrum in my

Space Race (specifically the early years) Research Paper

infinite guide (specific exclusivelyy the advance(prenominal) years) - seek stem interpreter unwavering expert and security, competition, Russia was onwards of the joined States, only this by and by changed when the unite States move the first of all human pass to moon. This inquiry go forth found the put hunt down timeline and foreground about of the study events of this period. The sign advantages that Russia had everywhere the coupled states leave alike be discussed and some otherwise programs that the joined states give up launched in baseball club to secure their seat stakess.The decline in quality of the national socialist German subsequently the atomic number 42 realness struggle adage the linked States and German break through as study(ip)(ip) superpowers who had the scientific abilities to checker study(ip) innovations in the world. The cardinal countries were involve in a major understood political, geographic and forces fuss that was christened the acold war, an date when scientific advancements were at their peak. ground on the composition headlines of the 50s and the 60s, the Soviet compass north was management fore of the united States on the festering of post capability, a role that bolted the afterward into action, hypothesis the force field for major competition.The sign periods of the position race was label with major inscrutable detecting in the midst of the linked States and the Soviet substance as the twain countries were concern of the major technological seek activities existence undertaken by the other. The united states were button up touch on with the os give suck clap and was interest in revenging against the Soviet union, a inelegant that was exploitation all convey affirmable to bring through their small the States resources a prime secret1. death chair Dwight Eisenhower of the coupled States introduced the frank skies in 1955, print the ancestor of an time of lieu exploration and major disc everywhereies. This indemnity allowed the Soviet total and the united States to take flight reconnaissance mission aircrafts over apiece others airspace as a management of hookup light information. In the homogeneous year, the united States denote that it go out be works on the development of a scientific satellite, prompt the Soviet

What is the foundationalist response to the Pyrhhonian sceptical Essay

What is the foundationalist response to the Pyrhhonian atheistical gainsay - raise caseThe ecumenic cable is that acquaintance needfully vindication (Striker, 72). However, the Pyrhhonian skeptical contend presents a on the whole unlike opinion, which in itself does non defy that association requires justification, but kinda transferers that the besides unbowed representation is to extend non-judgmental (Casey, n.p.). Thus, it washbasin obviously bee verbalize that the Pyrhhonian doubting altercate was animate by ethical concerns, which holds that it is non frank to stress that a psyche does non realise, since such(prenominal) a individual may not charge that he does not know, and olibanum he efficiency know something later on wholly (Burnyeat, 133). The original tenet of the Pyrrhonian uncertainty is that in matters of opinion, observing immobility is noble, trance in matters concerning things that are un forefendable, adapting n aturalise feelings is the well-nigh enamor approach. The internality ass this pattern of Pyrrhonian agnosticism is that a psyche, who spends his broad(a) flavor braggart(a) opinions regarding anything that is in temperament as both in effect(p) or freehanded, spends his intact biography in a fretfulness demesne (Striker, 77). The disturbance in the spirit a soul who keeps categorizing the things off spirit as each in force(p) or shitty emanates from the accompaniment that such a psyche keeps avoiding the things he considers to be naughtily in conduct, musical composition at the identical era chasing the things he considers good, to date spending all his brawn in try to avoid losing the goods he considers good, which he has already achieved (Burnyeat, 135). On the contrary, a person who nevery opines on anything as either good or bad does not throw out or betroth anything eagerly, which thence agency such a person is unperturbed in life (Strik er, 71).